China-India and the Small States: Changing Geopolitics of South Asia

The series aims to examine the evolving dynamics of South Asia, focusing on the ‘rise of China’ and its implications for India’s longstanding influence in the region. For nearly seven decades following independence, India occupied a hegemonic position in South Asia, reinforced by strong socio-political indicators and deep cultural ties with neighbouring countries. This natural leadership shaped the regional order, making India a central player in the subcontinent's affairs. However, the rapid ascent of China in the global arena has introduced significant shifts in these dynamics. Particularly in the post-BRI (Belt and Road Initiative) era, China's intensified engagement with almost all South Asian nations has begun to challenge India’s primacy. The economic and strategic outreach from Beijing has not only increased China’s visibility but has also altered the geopolitical tone of the region. Infrastructure investments, diplomatic manoeuvring, and strategic partnerships have contributed to what many consider a recalibration of South Asian power relations. The series will explore these changes from multiple perspectives—geopolitical, economic, cultural, and strategic—while scrutinising China’s evolving status in the subcontinent and how India responds to the growing competition. Ultimately, it seeks to shed light on the intricate interplay between two major powers in one of the world’s most complex regions.

The Theme and the objectives of the series are:

• India’s role and position in South Asia
• China’s role and position in South Asia
• Small States' approach toward India and China in South Asia
• Changing Geopolitics of South Asia